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Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L., Capitata group)
French: Chou; Italian:
Cavolo; Spanish: Col; German: Kohl | Under
Tropical/Subtropical Conditions |
Under
Tropical/Subtropical
Conditions Crop
data Biennial. Harvested part: Leafy head. Both direct seeded and transplanted.
Harvested 70 - 120 days after sowing. Plant density: 28 700 to 40 000 plants per
ha. Preferably grown in loamy sand, pH 6 - 6.5. Not tolerant of acid soils. Adapted to cool (16 - 20 °C), moist climates. Generally irrigated.
Target marketable yields in intensive commercial production = 20 - 30 t/ha. Nutrient
demand/uptake/removal
Plant
analysis data
Fertilizer
recommendations Cabbage is a heavy feeder on fertilizer nutrients, except P. Heads will
not form unless adequate N is given. Excessive N, on the other hand, may cause
loose head formation and internal decay. The demand for P is greater during head
formation. K deficiency can result in marginal necrosis and lower head quality,
but an excess of K can cause the heads to open. The crop has a high S
requirement and is sensitive to deficiencies of Mg and B. Fertilizer applications are split, with part applied before planting.
Ploughing-under of lime and compound fertilizer before planting is recommended.
Use of a high analysis starter solution containing 0.75 kg nutrients per 100
litres is recommended when transplanting. The remainder of the crop's needs can
then be met with in one or two applications during the growing season. The N-fixing bacteria Azospirillum spp., which are present in many
tropical soils, were recently found to promote cabbage foliage growth. Present
fertilizer practices Brazil (Minas Gerais) General recommendations are, firstly, 60 kg/ha N, 120 kg/ha P2O5, and 180
kg/ha K2O incorporated in the soil at planting and, secondly, 60 kg/ha N and 60
kg/ha K2O broadcast in 3 applications 15 and 30 days after planting and during
heading closure. For improved yields also incorporate 30 t/ha of organic matter
into the soil two weeks or more before planting. Philippines (Los Banos) 240 kg/ha N, 60 kg/ha P2O5 and 60 kg/ha K2O, all the P2O5 and half the N
and K2O applied in bands along the rows at planting and the remaining N and K2O
sidedressed 8 - 10 cm deep one month after planting and watered immediately. Senegal (Camberene) On light sandy soil in a semi-arid area, 20 t/ha organic matter, 65 kg/ha
N, 65 kg/ha P2O5, and 100 kg/ha K2O. All the organic manure and P2O5 and
one-third of the N and K2O are broadcast before planting, one-third of the N and
K2O is sidedressed 20 days after planting, and the remaining third of the N and
K2O is sidedressed 40 days after planting. India (Bangalore) In sandy loams with pH 6.7: 150 kg/ha N, 80 kg/ha P2O5 and 40 kg/ha K2O.
All the P2O5 and K2O and one-half of the N are applied before transplanting, and
the remaining half of the N is applied 30 days after transplanting. Further
reading GUPTA,
A.: Effect of N and irrigation on cabbage production. Ind. J. Hort. Sci. 44,
241-244 (1987)
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